Establishing links between NbS and the implementation of international policy concepts and objectives, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) is already the subject of some work and can be further developed to support references to NbS approaches in international agendas. NbS are acknowledged as important actions for the achievement of multiple GBF targets, most importantly targets 8 and 11 (related to climate change and regulating services, respectively), but also for achieving target 3 on the protection of 30% of terrestrial, inland water, coastal and marine areas by 2030 and target 4 on the restoration of 30% of degraded ecosystems. Expert contributions especially point to further exploring the potential of NbS knowledge exchange as elements of national, European, and international policies in support of nature positive practices throughout global value chains leading to increased global resilience to food and other crises. Also, mobilisation of R&I contributions to the design and implementation of relevant and emerging policy initiatives, such as the UN Decade in Ecosystem Restoration, as well as future processes driven by multilateral agreements (e.g., CBD, BBNJ, UNFCCC, UNCCD), is also a significant lever to generate adhesion to the concept and achieve an ambitious global NbS agenda.
European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation et al. Nature-based solutions: state of the art in EU-funded projects. (Publications Office of the European Union, 2020).
European Environment Agency. Nature-based solutions in Europe policy, knowledge and practice for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. (Publications Office of the European Union, 2021).
Maes, M. J. A., Jones, K. E., Toledano, M. B. & Milligan, B. Mapping synergies and trade-offs between urban ecosystems and the sustainable development goals. Environ. Sci. Policy 93, 181–188 (2019).