Studying the role of NbS in systemic change and transition processes, including social and environmental justice dimensions of NbS design and implementation. The potential of NbS in contributing to transformative change appears promising. However, whether, how and to what extent NbS engage with diverse values, worldviews and knowledge systems, community engagement processes, and environmental management practices needs to be more demonstrated. The deployment of NbS at local and regional scales also raises questions in terms of assessing who can access NbS benefits and how to avoid reinforcing existing or creating new inequalities and social injustice, e.g., through gentrification.
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